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51.
台湾海峡西南部海域春季悬浮体及沉积物来源与输运机制 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
台湾海峡作为连接东海和南海的重要通道,其悬浮体和沉积物的来源和输运格局非常复杂。2005年4~5月利用带有浊度传感器和荧光传感器的SD204型CTD对台湾海峡西南部海域627个站位的悬浮体特性进行了综合调查,并采集了底层沉积物。在室内分别利用英国Marlvern公司生产的Mastersizer 2000型激光粒度仪和德国ELEMENTOR公司生产的ELEMENTOR varioELIII型元素分析仪对表层沉积物进行了粒度分析和沉积物碳、氮含量测定,结果表明,台湾海峡西南部海域春季受粤东沿岸流、韩江冲淡水、九龙江冲淡水及台湾海峡混合水影响,其中粤东沿岸流在向北输运过程中影响强度逐渐减弱,韩江冲淡水影响范围较大,并且在西南季风的控制下向东北方向输运;长时间尺度的沉积物输运格局表明,近岸沉积物由岸向海输运,远海地区沉积物由海向岸输运,并且在汕尾南部海域、南澳岛东南部海域形成了沉积物的汇聚区,沉积物以陆源为主;表层沉积物的输运过程受控于区域内水团、悬浮体分布及运动格局;在春季上升流形成早期尽管叶绿素荧光值相对较低,但其对表层沉积物的输运过程起着非常重要的控制作用。 相似文献
52.
Bo FU Jingyi LI Thomas GASSER Philippe CIAIS Shilong PIAO Shu TAO Guofeng SHEN Yuqin LAI Luchao HAN Bengang LI 《大气科学进展》2022,39(8):1217-1228
Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to alleviate global warming in the Paris Agreement. However, the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’ decision-making process. In this study, we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario (?T = 0.6°C) and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system model. Considering reductions in CO2, CH4, N2O, BC, and SO2, the R5OECD (the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1990) and R5ASIA (Asian countries) are the top two contributors to global warming mitigation, accounting for 39.3% and 36.8%, respectively. R5LAM (Latin America and the Caribbean) and R5MAF (the Middle East and Africa) followed behind, with contributions of 11.5% and 8.9%, respectively. The remaining 3.5% is attributed to R5REF (the Reforming Economies). Carbon Dioxide emission reduction is the decisive factor of regional contributions, but not the only one. Other greenhouse gases are also important, especially for R5MAF. The contribution of short-lived aerosols is small but significant, notably SO2 reduction in R5ASIA. We argue that additional species beyond CO2 need to be considered, including short-lived pollutants, when planning a route to mitigate climate change. It needs to be emphasized that there is still a gap to achieve the Paris Agreement 2-degree target with current NDC efforts, let alone the ambitious 1.5-degree target. All countries need to pursue stricter reduction policies for a more sustainable world. 相似文献
53.
提出一种GPS/BDS双系统组合的土壤湿度多星线性回归反演模型,并以GNSS接收机实测数据为例,对比分析不同GPS和BDS卫星组合反演土壤湿度的效果。实验表明:1)GPS和BDS双系统组合相对于单系统在短观测时间内可以提高有效卫星数,通过多元线性回归原理可实现双系统多卫星的有效融合,提高土壤湿度反演的精度;2)当GPS和BDS组合卫星数达到6颗以上时,反演效果趋于稳定,反演结果与土壤湿度的相关系数均优于0.90,RMSE相对于单星至少提高25.8%。 相似文献
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洪潮水面线是指导水利规划和工程建设的重要依据,对保障地区防洪安全至关重要。河道地形作为关键影响因子之一,其变化对洪潮水面线有着极大的影响。以西北江三角洲河网为对象,在分析其河道地形近几十年变化特征的基础上,利用一维水动力模型探讨了河道地形变化对三角洲区域整体洪潮水面线的影响。结果表明:(1)受人类活动,特别是20世纪80年代末以来大规模的采沙活动的影响,西北江三角洲的河道地形整体呈冲刷状态,其中90年代前后最为显著;(2)对于西北江三角洲腹部及其以上区域,基于2005年河道地形的区域整体洪潮水面线较1999年的结果显著下降,最大降幅达1.8 m(18%);对于三角洲尾部区域,基于2005年河道地形的洪潮水面线略高于1999年的结果,增高幅度小于0.1 m(2.5%);(3)潮汐及比降变化对洪潮水面线的增高作用强于河道冲刷引起的下降作用是三角洲尾部近口门河道2005年河道地形的洪潮水面线高于1999年的主要原因。研究结果可为地区水利工程建设以及防洪减灾提供参考。 相似文献
58.
采用镜下观察、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱等观察测试方法,对缅甸和莫桑比克红宝石的常规宝石学、包裹体、化学元素含量及紫外光谱特征进行了系统的对比研究。结果表明,缅甸红宝石在紫外荧光灯下呈现较强的红色荧光,内部含有互为60°夹角定向排列的短针状金红石、"糖浆状"构造等特征包裹体,具有低Fe、高V、高Ga的微量元素特征,紫外区吸收截止边小于320 nm,且694 nm处的荧光较强。莫桑比克红宝石在紫外荧光灯下荧光较弱,内部可见双晶面、无序排列的金红石和角闪石晶体等特征包裹体,具有高Fe、低V、低Ga的微量元素特征,紫外区吸收截止边在350 nm附近。上述性质可用作区分缅甸和莫桑比克红宝石的标志性识别特征。 相似文献
59.
The Yangbishan iron–tungsten deposit in the Shuangyashan area of Heilongjiang Province is located in the center of the Jiamusi Massif in northeastern China. The rare earth element and trace element compositions of the scheelite show that it formed in a reducing environment and inherited the rare earth element features of the ore-forming fluid. The geochemical characteristics of the gneissic granite associated with the tungsten mineralization show that the magma formed in this reducing environment and originated from the partial melting of metamorphosed shale that contained organic carbon and was enriched with tungsten. In addition, in situ Hf isotopic analysis of zircons from the gneissic granite indicates that they probably originated from the partial melting of a predominantly Paleo–Mesoproterozoic crustal source. According to LA-ICP-MS zircon dating, the Yangbishan orerelated gneissic granite has an Early Paleozoic crystallization age of 520.6 ± 2.8 Ma. This study, together with previous data, indicates that the massifs of northeastern China, including Erguna, Xing'an, Songliao, Jiamusi, and Khanka massifs, belonged to an orogenic belt that existed along the southern margin of the Siberian Craton during the late Pan-African period. The significant continental movements of this orogeny resulted in widespread magmatic activity in northeastern China from 530 Ma to 470 Ma under a tectonic setting that transitioned from compressional syn-collision to extensional postcollision. 相似文献
60.
LAI Shengmin YANG Jingsui Yildirim DILEK XIONG Fahui JIANG Rui CHEN Yanhong 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(2):442-461
The Zedong ophiolites in the eastern Yarlung–Zangbo suture zone of Tibet represent a mantle slice of more than 45 km~2. This massif consists mainly of mantle peridotites, with lesser gabbros, diabases and volcanic rocks. The mantle peridotites are mostly harzburgite, lherzolite; a few dike-like bodies of dunite are also present. Mineral structures show that the peridotites experienced plastic deformation and partial melting. Olivine(Fo89.7–91.2), orthopyroxene(En_(88–92)), clinopyroxene(En_(45–49) Wo_(47–51) Fs_(2–4)) and spinel [Mg~#=100×Mg/(Mg+Fe)]=49.1–70.7; Cr~#=(100×Cr/(Cr+Al)=18.8–76.5] are the major minerals. The degree of partial melting of mantle peridotites is 10%–40%, indicating that the Zedong mantle peridotites may experience a multi–stage process. The peridotites are characterized by depleted major element compositions and low REE content(0.08–0.62 ppm). Their "spoon–shaped" primitive–mantle normalized REE patterns with(La/Sm)_N being 0.50–6.00 indicate that the Zedong ultramafic rocks belong to depleted residual mantle rocks. The PGE content of Zedong peridotites(18.19–50.74 ppb) is similar with primary mantle with Pd/Ir being 0.54–0.60 and Pt/Pd being 1.09–1.66. The Zedong peridotites have variable, unradiogenic Os isotopic compositions with ~(187)Os/~(188)Os=0.1228 to 0.1282. A corollary to this interpretation is that the convecting upper mantle is heterogeneous in Os isotopes. All data of the Zedong peridotites suggest that they formed originally at a mid-ocean ridge(MOR) and were later modified in supra–subduction zone(SSZ) environment. 相似文献